Umfanekiso Womgomo Weziphaneli Zelanga
Umfanekiso Womgomo Weziphaneli Zelanga
Amandla elanga angumthombo wamandla ongcono kakhulu esintwini, futhi izici zawo ezingashi nezivuselelekayo zinquma ukuthi azoba umthombo wamandla oshibhile nosebenza kakhulu esintwini. Amaphaneli elanga angamandla ahlanzekile ngaphandle kokungcoliswa kwemvelo. I-Dayang Optoelectronics ithuthuke ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva, iwumkhakha wocwaningo onamandla kakhulu, futhi ingenye yamaphrojekthi aphezulu kakhulu.
Indlela yokwenza ama-solar panel ikakhulukazi isekelwe ezintweni ze-semiconductor, futhi isimiso sayo sokusebenza ukusebenzisa izinto ze-photoelectric ukuthola amandla okukhanya ngemva kokuphendula kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric, ngokusho kwezinto ezahlukene ezisetshenzisiwe, zingahlukaniswa zibe: amaseli elanga asekelwe ku-silicon futhi amancane. -ifilimu amaseli elanga, namuhla ikakhulukazi ukukhuluma nawe mayelana silicon-based solar panel.
Okokuqala, ama-solar panel e-silicon
Isimiso sokusebenza se-Silicon solar cell kanye nomdwebo wesakhiwo Umgomo wokukhiqiza amandla elanga elanga ikakhulukazi umphumela we-photoelectric wama-semiconductors, futhi isakhiwo esiyinhloko sama-semiconductors simi kanje:
Ishaja ephozithivu imelela i-athomu ye-silicon, kanti ukushajwa okunegethivu kumelela ama-electron amane azungeza i-athomu ye-silicon. Lapho i-silicon crystal ixubene nokunye ukungcola, okufana ne-boron, i-phosphorus, njll., lapho i-boron yengezwa, kuzoba nembobo ku-silicon crystal, futhi ukwakheka kwayo kungabhekisela kumfanekiso olandelayo:
Ishaja ephozithivu imelela i-athomu ye-silicon, kanti ukushajwa okunegethivu kumelela ama-electron amane azungeza i-athomu ye-silicon. Okuphuzi kubonisa i-athomu ye-boron ehlanganisiwe, ngoba kukhona ama-electron angu-3 kuphela azungeze i-athomu ye-boron, ngakho-ke izokhiqiza imbobo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eboniswe emfanekisweni, okuba engazinzile kakhulu ngoba awekho ama-electron, futhi kulula ukumunca ama-electron futhi anciphise. , ukwakha i-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-P (positive). Ngokufanayo, lapho ama-athomu e-phosphorus ehlanganiswa, ngenxa yokuthi ama-athomu e-phosphorus anama-electron amahlanu, i-electron eyodwa iqala ukusebenza kakhulu, yakhe ama-semiconductors ohlobo lwe-N(negative). Eziphuzi ziyi-phosphorus nuclei, kanti ezibomvu zingama-electron amaningi. Njengoba kuboniswe emfanekisweni ongezansi.
Ama-semiconductors ohlobo lwe-P aqukethe izimbobo eziningi, kuyilapho ama-semiconductors ohlobo lwe-N aqukethe ama-electron amaningi, ukuze kuthi lapho kuhlanganiswa ama-semiconductors ohlobo lwe-P kanye nohlobo lwe-N, kuzokwenziwa umehluko ongaba namandla kagesi endaweni yokuxhumana, okuyi-junction ye-PN.
Uma ama-semiconductors ohlobo lwe-P kanye nohlobo lwe-N ehlanganiswa, kwakheka ungqimba oluncane olukhethekile endaweni yokuhlangana kwama-semiconductors amabili), futhi uhlangothi lohlobo lwe-P lwesixhumi esibonakalayo lukhokhiswa kabi futhi uhlangothi lohlobo lwe-N lushajwa kahle. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-semiconductors ohlobo lwe-P anezimbobo eziningi, futhi ama-semiconductors ohlobo lwe-N anama-electron amaningi amahhala, futhi kunomehluko wokuhlushwa. Ama-electron esifundeni esingu-N asakazekela esifundeni esingu-P, futhi izimbobo esifundeni esingu-P zisakazekela esifundeni esingu-N, zenze "inkambu kagesi yangaphakathi" eqondiswe kusukela ku-N kuya ku-P, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele ukusakazeka ukuthi kuqhubeke. Ngemva kokufinyelela ukulingana, ungqimba oluncane olukhethekile olunjalo luyakhiwa ukuze lwenze umehluko ongase ube khona, okuyi-PN junction.
Lapho isicwecwana sichayeka ekukhanyeni, izimbobo ze-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-N ekuhlanganeni kwe-PN ziya endaweni yohlobo lwe-P, kanye nama-electron asendaweni yohlobo lwe-P athuthela endaweni yohlobo lwe-N, okuholela ekutheni isifunda sohlobo lwe-N ukuya endaweni yohlobo lwe-P. Bese kwakheka umehluko ongaba khona ku-PN junction, eyenza ukunikezwa kwamandla.